• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A construction (1), a method and an apparatus for applying the construction (1) are shown, in order to achieve adequate protection of a slag pot (6) against a liquid metallurgical slag filled therein. The construction (1) has at least a spaced to the bottom and the inner walls of the slag crucible (6) present inner hollow body (2), wherein between the inner hollow body (2) of the design (1) and the inner walls of the slag pot (6) is a cavity which is cold, lumpier metallurgical slag (5) is filled, or is filled with it before use.
    公开号:AT517866A1
    申请号:T50963/2015
    申请日:2015-11-10
    公开日:2017-05-15
    发明作者:Ing Dr Marinko Lekic-Ninic Dipl
    申请人:Ing Dr Marinko Lekic-Ninic Dipl；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Confession
    The invention relates to the protection of the inner wall of slag pots against a filled, liquid slag by a component and a method for manufacturing and the device for use of this component.
    In the production of steels or other metals, metallurgical slags are by-produced at several points in the process chain, from blast furnaces to converter or electric-arc furnace processes and secondary metallurgy, to the potting of the slabs. The metallurgical slags are removed in the respective process step or separated from the liquid metal and poured into a slag crucible constructed for this purpose. The separation process of the slags and molten metals is not complete in practice, it get along with the slags certain amounts of molten metal in the slag pot. The slag pots are transported to the slag pits by means of a specially constructed vehicle. By dumping the slag pot in the slag pit, the liquid slag and the remains of molten metal from the slag pot should then be emptied.
    If hot iron or the converter steel is entrained when cutting off the slag at the blast furnace, this leads to very stable growths of the pig iron or steel on the inner wall of the slag crucible, which are referred to as fermentation. Cracks in the inner wall of the crucible to an even stronger connection of crucible inner wall, pig iron and slag residues, which leads to ever heavier crucibles and ever smaller useful volume. If the volume is too low, the slag can overflow, which can lead to damage to the material and endangerment of personnel.
    Due to the thermal load of the slag crucible, especially when the necessary Abkühlwartezeiten are not met, there are cracks in the inner wall, which can amplify further maintenance without maintenance and lead to the breakthrough of the slag pot and thus to high
    Endangering human and material. In particular, the ever-advancing optimization of the production process leads to ever lower standing and cooling times of the crucible, whereby the slag crucible overheat and not only show the aforementioned cracking, but also occur deformations in the form of belly formation, which promote a fermentation. The hitherto conventional mechanical removal of the growths by prying out is difficult at the high crucible temperatures and the usual variant of emptying by falls leads to further mechanical stress on the crucible and thus damage to this.
    Around the inner wall of slag pans, it is known from JP 55008458 to use powdered converter slag as a protective layer. The disadvantage has been found that parts of the layer are replaced by shock during transport or by washouts during casting of the slag in the crucible and the growths, especially by the molten metal located on the bottom of the crucible, re-emerge.
    It is known from US Pat. No. 5,437,890 to apply slag, lime and water sludges to the inner wall of the crucible, which leads to uniform protective layers and provides some protection against fermentation. In this case, however, it is disadvantageous that the process slags are extremely enriched with lime and are available for other uses only very limited.
    Furthermore, it is known in the prior art to give process-own, cooled and ground slags in the slag pot, which gradually leads to the improvement of the emptying process of the slag pot. For most proposed solutions, the cold and loose slag is only added to the bottom of the slag pot. However, this only gives a proven protection of the bottom of the crucible. However, this slag is often washed away or quickly melted by the hot and liquid slags and metallic residues when the crucible is touched, thereby greatly reducing its protective function and thus causing the slag to be fermented. These solutions protect the slag pot floors completely or only partially, leaving the walls unprotected. Solutions that aim to protect the crucible walls by means of a metallurgical slag are offered in various methods. In one method, the still hot in the crucible slag is distributed by the inflation by means of a cold gas on the crucible walls, the slag cools and solidifies on the crucible walls. This is also known in practice as "slag splashing." In other processes, the slags are added to the shape of the crucible walls by adding and mixing various chemical additives, all of which, however, bring the slags into the shape of the crucible but the hardening of the slag protective layers usually leads to the formation of cracks in the slag protective layers, through which the liquid melts can penetrate, thus greatly reducing their protective function technologically so demanding that they have hardly been used.
    From the analyzes of the state of the art and in practice offered solutions for the problem described, it can be said that the coatings require optimization by their limited wall thickness, chemical compositions, physical properties and ultimately consumed quantities and costs.
    The object of the invention is to provide a reliable protection of the inner wall of slag pots against a filled, liquid slag and steel and iron residues available, which is characterized by easy availability and neutral behavior with respect to the filled slag.
    The subject invention solves the stated problem with respect to the protection of the crucible in that a component for protecting the inner wall of slag pots against a filled, liquid slag and metallic residues as a sacrificial layer in the slag pot by means of a system designed for this purpose is given. When emptying the slag pot, the component is then emptied together with the liquid melts from the crucible. The empty slag pot is then fully automated or manually re-equipped with a new component. The component is thus intended as a disposable product, which is inexpensive and environmentally friendly by the method according to the invention, or preferably used materials.
    The component is in the form of a hollow body, which is inserted into the slag crucible, that a cavity between the inner walls of the slag pot and the inner surface of the hollow body of the component is present. This cavity is or will be filled with a bulk material as a protective material, preferably with process-own, cold, crushed slag. The protective material creates a thermal insulation layer between the inner lateral surface of the hollow body and the inner walls of the slag crucible, also is achieved by the protective material that liquid slag or molten metal, which penetrates the inner circumferential surface of the hollow body does not reach the inner walls of the slag crucible or that the liquid Slag or molten metal substantially cools to reach the inner walls of the slag pot.
    The component fulfills four essential functions which are advantageous over the prior art, firstly it creates a protective layer of bulk material which has a defined shape with exact layer thickness, secondly it keeps the protective layer on the inner walls of the crucible in shape and prevents it from crumbling , or is washed away by the slag, third, it forms the protective layer
    Bulk material at least one additional protective layer, fourthly, a rapid emptying and processing of the slag pot is achieved by the component.
    The component is preferably a construction consisting of a double-walled form of cellulose in paper form and cold, sieved or ground process-own slags. Here, a paper form of cellulose is first prepared in which then slag is added. The paper form preferably consists of at least two semi-circular shells, which are interconnected by spacers. By means of these spacers, which are preferably also made of paper, an arbitrarily wide gap between the half-shells is made possible. In this gap, the crushed slag is then cooled and held by the paper trays in the desired shape. The thus prepared mold is then placed in the slag pot. The outer shape of the half shell corresponds to the shape of the inner walls of the slag pot so that it can easily get into the crucible and completely protect the crucible walls. By entering the form of protection in the slag pot, consisting of a system: paper half-slag-slag paper half shell, the slag pot is given a triple protection against the liquid metallic melts. When filling the slag pots with the liquid metallic melts they first hit a protective wall made of thick and hard paper then on a thick layer consisting of crushed, fine-grained and cold slag and then again on a protective wall of thick and hard paper until they eventually the surface of Could reach crucible inner walls.
    As a result, the thermal load on the inner wall of the slag crucible is reduced so much that the occurrence of cracking in the crucible walls can be largely prevented. Furthermore, penetration of the liquid metal into the cracks of the crucible walls is completely prevented and the growths can not occur. In addition, the thermal insulation can reduce the overheating of the crucible wall, which bulges can be avoided. Due to the similarity of the mixtures, the negative influence of the liquid slag, by contamination, can be avoided and the possibility of further use of the slags is retained.
    If the sacrificial layer used is a slag layer having a greater layer thickness at the bottom than at the walls, the thermal insulation can be further improved and the possibility of penetration of the pig iron and liquid slag through the sacrificial layer in the floor area can be further reduced.
    If the sacrificial layer of the cold slag in the paper form has a particle size distribution between 0.3 mm and 5 mm, this can produce a particularly dense layer; moreover, a slag layer with this particle size distribution can achieve greater stability through greater compactness.
    Further, when the layer thickness of the slag sacrificial layer is 5 mm to 500 mm, particularly 10 mm to 200 mm, the effect of the slag sacrificial layer can be improved because it can further improve the thermal insulation and further reduce the occurrence of cracks and bulging ,
    If the sacrificial layer has a maximum of 10% by weight of metal oxide dusts and the remainder of slag, further stabilization of the coating can be effected when filled with liquid slag and the mechanical resistance can thereby be further increased.
    If the paper form, consisting of two paper cups held together by the spacers, is additionally coated with a ceramic and fire-resistant coating, the burning of the paper forms can be prevented and penetration of liquid metallurgical slags by the mold can be prevented even better.
    As the ceramic and inorganic coating, a liquid mixture consisting of potash and / or soda waterglass as binder and kaolin, alumina, boron nitride and graphite as solids and water as thinner can be used. The coating of water glass suspensions in a proportion of 10 to 60 wt.%, Aluminum oxide 20 to 40 wt.%, Kaolin 10 to 30 wt.%, Boron nitride 10 to 20 wt.% And graphite 5-10 wt.% And Rest consists of water.
    The invention is illustrated by means of exemplary drawings:
    Fig. 1: shows schematically the structure of the most preferred
    Design variant design.
    Fig. 2 shows a schematic of the structure of a
    Variant with a one-piece design as both sides open hollow body.
    3 shows a schematic of the structure of a
    Variant with a one-piece design as both sides open hollow body.
    Fig. 4: shows schematically the method steps for building the design and a device for filling and inserting the design.
    In Fig. 1, a particularly preferred embodiment of the construction according to the invention 1 is shown with a design 1 consisting of a one-sided open outer hollow body 3 preferably made of paper materials, a one-sided open inner hollow body 2 preferably made of paper materials, one or more spacers 4 between the open on one side Hollow bodies 3, 2 and cold lump metallurgical slag 5, which is located in the space between the two half-shells.
    As illustrated in Fig. 1 by the arrow, the design 1 can be used as already filled with cold lump metallurgical slag 5 unit in the slag pot 6, which has the advantage that the slag pot 6 is very quickly available for refilling available.
    Alternatively, it is also possible to fill the cold lump metallurgical slag 5 after placing the design 1 in the slag crucible 6, since in this case the outer hollow body 3 of the construction 1 when inserting or transport not carry the weight of the cold lump metallurgical slag 5 got to.
    In Fig. 2, a further inventive design 1 is shown, which has only one inner hollow body 2, which is open on both sides and serves to keep the bed of cold lump metallurgical slag 5 on the side walls of the slag pot 6. For example, first the bottom of the slag pot 6 can be covered with the cold lump metallurgical slag 5 and the design 1 are placed centrally on this. The resulting cavity between the lateral surface of the example cylindrical design and the side wall of the slag crucible 6 can then be filled with cold lump metallurgical slag 5.
    Fig. 3 shows a construction according to the invention 1, which has only one inner hollow body 2, which is open on one side. The method for filling with cold lump metallurgical slag 5 takes place for example in the steps previously described for Fig. 2. In the crucible shape shown in Fig. 3, the design 1 can also be held by a holding device or spacers in the desired position in the slag pot 6 and the gap entirely through the gap between the side walls of the slag pot 6 and the design 1 with the cold lumpier metallurgical slag 5 are filled. The design 1 shown in FIG. 2 could also have a base, based on FIG. 3, so that it is present as a hollow cylinder open on one side.
    4 shows an exemplary method for constructing the particularly preferred design 1 and a device for filling the design 1. The design 1 is made of paper or cellulose material 7. Depending on the shape of the slag crucible 6 or complexity of the construction 1, this can either be made by cutting and bonding of molded parts of sheet-like paper materials, such as laminated paper or cardboard, or preferably by hardening a wet or paper or cellulose pulp material 7 in appropriate forms. Preferably, the production of a small half shell as an inner hollow body 2, a large half-shell as an outer hollow body 3 and / or the spacer 4 according to the known from the egg carton production process in which first shredded waste paper and mixed with water to form a paper pulp, which then in pressed the desired shape and, for example, in an oven, dried. With this method wall thicknesses of the paper forms of 1mm - 20mm can be produced. In particular, wall thicknesses of 2mm-10mm are preferred.
    At least one spacer 4 is positioned between the half-shells thus produced, thereby fixing the two half-shells in their position relative to one another. This creates between the half shells a gap, which can be adjusted depending on the application and desired properties in its thickness, by suitable choice of the position and length of the spacer. 4
    The thus assembled design 1 is then filled with cold, small-sized metallurgical slag 5 over the space between the two half-shells, manually or preferably by means of a plant constructed therefrom 8, comprising a conveyor for conveying the lumpy slag 5 of a slag bunker or storage tank to a filling and unloading station. In the last step, the filled construction 1 from the filling and discharging station is placed in an empty slag pot 6 and the slag pot 6 is transported back to the place of use.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Design (1) for protecting a slag pot (6), which is intended to loose before filling the slag pot (6) with liquid metallurgical slag in the slag pot (6) and is removed when emptying the slag pot (6) with the slag, characterized in that the construction (1) has an inner hollow body (2) spaced from the bottom and the inner walls of the slag crucible (6), wherein between the inner hollow body (2) the construction (1) and the inner walls of the slag crucible (6) a cavity is present, which is filled with cold, lumpy metallurgical slag (5) or fillable.
    [2]
    2. Design (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the design (1) on the inner walls of the slag crucible (6) adjacent the outer hollow body (3), wherein between the inner hollow body (2) of the design (1) and the external hollow body (3) of the construction (1) is the cavity, which is filled with cold, lump metallurgical slag (5) or can be filled.
    [3]
    3. Design (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that between the outer hollow body (3) and the inner hollow body (2) of the design (1) spacers (4) are arranged.
    [4]
    4. Design (1) according to one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that the inner hollow body (2) of the design (1) and the outer hollow body (3) are in the form of shells.
    [5]
    5. Design (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the parts of the design (1) made of paper or. Cellulosic material (7) are made.
    [6]
    6. Design (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the inner hollow body (2) and / or the outer hollow body (3) has a wall thickness of 1-20 mm, in particular 2-10 mm.
    [7]
    7. Design (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the metallurgical slags (5) used have a particle size distribution between 0.3 mm to 5 mm.
    [8]
    8. Design (1) according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the thickness of the cavity and thus the thickness slag sacrificial layer 5 mm to 500 mm, in particular 10 mm to 200 mm.
    [9]
    9. Construction (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the outer and / or inner surfaces of the mold with a liquid ceramic coating, from Wasserglassuspensionen with a proportion of 10 - 60 wt.%, Aluminum oxide 20 - 40 % By weight, kaolin 10 to 30% by weight, boron nitride 10 to 20% by weight and graphite 5 to 10% by weight.
    [10]
    10. A method for protecting a slag pot (6) during the filling and emptying cycle, characterized by the steps - inserting a prefabricated design (1) in the form of a one-sided open hollow body in the empty slag pot, wherein between the walls of the one-sided open hollow body of the design ( 1) and the inner walls of the slag pot (6) is a cavity which is already filled with cold, lump metallurgical slag (5) or after insertion of the design (1) in the slag pot with cold, lumpy metallurgical slag (5) is filled, - Pouring of liquid metallurgical slag in the one-sided open hollow body of the design (1), - emptying the slag pot (6), wherein the slag is removed together with the design (1) from the slag pot (6).
    类似技术:
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    AT376416B|1984-11-26|METHOD FOR ADAPTING FIRE-RESISTANT MOLDED BODIES WITH APPROXIMATELY VERTICAL MATCHING SURFACES IN HOT OVEN LININGS AND FIRE-RESISTANT MEASURES FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT517866B1|2019-03-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US1917849A|1930-07-26|1933-07-11|Ajax Electrothermic Corp|Refractory lining|
    US3689051A|1970-11-23|1972-09-05|Alfred W Miller|Liner and divider structure for slag pots or the like|
    US4422625A|1982-02-23|1983-12-27|Fmc Corporation|Foundry pouring ladle protective liner|
    FR2657549A1|1990-01-26|1991-08-02|Daussan & Co|Method for applying, on the inner faces of a metallurgical container, a protective coating including at least two layers and protective coating thus obtained|CN108393476A|2017-07-18|2018-08-14|浙江武精机器制造有限公司|A kind of molten steel bottom drain packet with vacuum|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50963/2015A|AT517866B1|2015-11-10|2015-11-10|Apparatus and method for protecting the inside wall of slag pans|ATA50963/2015A| AT517866B1|2015-11-10|2015-11-10|Apparatus and method for protecting the inside wall of slag pans|
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